理论课的首要任务是让学生明确PLC是什么？PLC能做什么？怎么做？教师可以通过一个简单、形象实例
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良好的接地是保证PLC可靠工作的重要条件，可以避免偶然发生的电压冲击危害。PLC的接地线与机器的接地端相接，接地线的截面积应不小于2mm2，接地电阻小于100Ω；如果要用扩展单元，其接地点应与基本单元的接地点接在一起。为了加在电源及输入端、输出端的干扰，应给PLC接上专用地线，接地点应与动力设备（如电机）的接地点分开；若达不到这种要求，也必须做到与其它设备公共接地，禁止与其它设备串连接地。接地点应尽可能靠近PLC。
来自接地系统混乱时的干扰
此外，对于能使用户造成伤害的危险负载，除了在控制程序中加以考虑之外，应设计外部紧急停车电路，使得可编程控制器发生故障时，能将引起伤害的负载电源切断。
主机内各部分之间均通过总线连接。总线分为电源总线、控制总线、地址总线和数据总线。各部件的作用如下：
传感器故障；
汇点式输入模块的输入点只共用一个COM端；而分组式输入模块是将分成若干组，一组共用一个COM，每组之间是分隔的。分组式输入模块的每点价格教高，如果输入信号之间不需要分开，应选择汇点式。
ATLAS COPCO 4240-0151-01A SERVO AMPLIFIER BOARD D522854
ABB 10DS3111EDE11P1B2DA11321 1-1/2 IN TEFLON 150 FLOW TUBE FLOW METER D423849
FLUKE 7405A-4202 POWER DISTRIBUTION 120V-AC 15A AMP D513212
Asyst Crossing Automation 9701-2143-01, Assy, Fru, Opt Wafer Mapper, BTB, 398664
NEW AMAT 0021-11363 Bridge, Support, Ch C, EMAX
Power-One SPM5D2D2V6 Switching DC Power Supply
RELIANCE 802286-3A 2-00 0-54394-4 AG50450 PCB CIRCUIT BOARD D465612
PM100CSD120 PM100CSD-120
PSC 128633 DRIVE KEY 12MM LONG 3MM WIDE 3MM THICK D432881
Cutler-Hammer FactoryMate 92-00704-01 Configurable Keypad
NUM BMG1152N1BA1L3V SERVO MOTOR
TURCK 8MB12Z-4-0.2-RSM 120 U2-06770 MULTIBOX CONNEC
TRIAD ConTROLS MG-36-OF-AU LIGHT CURTAIN TRANSMITTER
DG918 Funke Huster ZGSE 11 A1 System ZM 200
ABB RXMH2 RK 223 069-EC 120V-AC RELAY D523163
＃2远程I/O站主要用于采集＃2循泵系统的各设备的反馈信号，输出＃2循泵系统各设备的启停指令。
SEW EURODRIVE DFT90S4 FA47DT90S4 1.5HP 1740RPM GEAR 34.
LENA LIGHTING OVAL60 60W 230V WHITE OVAL LAMP QUANTITY!!
DANFOSS RVG 32 PROPORTIonAL VALVE 157H2314
LI56 Samson Pneumatischer Regler 343 2-0 4-20mA
LOT 8 GENERAL ELECTRIC GE CO.78A OVERLOAD RELAY HEATER ELEMENT D385222
SQUARE D 30601-592-52 LOGIC/INTERFACE WELDING MODULE ConTROLLER D471749
568B171G PCB CIRCUIT BOARD D466467
GMC 07XT261 BALL VALVE
ISI AUTOMATION SC64 A L S4 3 POWER CLAMP PNEUMATIC GRIPPER D482899
KF 40 3" long extension tube , Stainless KF40
Infiniband PCB SilverStorm HCA 9000 7104-HCA-128LPX 900440-200-1 HannStar 399695
Horiba STEC, SEC-4400M, 50 SCCM, Ar, MFC, with calibration sheet. 411024
SMC MGQL100-75-XC18 BALL BEARING GUIDE 75MM 100MM P
PM100CSD120 PM100CSD-120
BOSCH SERVO MOTOR SE-B4.090.030-10.000 ( SEB409003010000 ) SE-B4.090.030-10
Brad Harrison 113022A01F1291 Woodhead L.P. Mini-Change Extension 3-pole
WARRANTY NEW BECKHOFF SERVO MOTOR AM8122-0F21-0000
TRI CLOVER 25-161-210-1-07 SPRING ASSEMBLY ACTUATOR
THREAD CRAFT INC T-2569 COMMERCIAL BACKLASH BALL SCREW 38 OAL 30 TRAV NIB
M892 GE NP104X905BA603 DS200SDCCG1AGD DS215SLCCG1AZZ0?1B
2-1/2 IN TRI-CLAMP VALVE BODY STAINLESS REPLACEMENT PART D453023
本次采用的是一种近似的实现方法：每次面杆到来即增加频率，而一定的时间内无面杆接近信号则降低频率。该方法的实验效果大致与用户要求的相同。
WORCESTER 1 4446PMSW R2 10 39RSN 10E LK39Z R3 1IN BALL VALVE D518022
FESTO U-1/8B 1/8NPT PNEUMATIC SILENCER
TEKTRonIX OSCILLOSCOPE 465
W416 Siemens Sinumerik 8T 6ES5 927-3KA12 6ES5927-3KA12 C79458-L331-B1
LS 70AT10/36 ALUMINUM 12MM ROUGH BORE TIMING 1GROOV
WESTRonICS CB100421-01 REV A PCB CIRCUIT BOARD D467912
LOT 13 PACKAGING TECHNOLOGIES 044-800-36010 RETAINILOT 13 PACKAGING TECHNOLOGIES 044-800-36010 RETAINING RING CLIP D361903
LOT 15 MOTOROLA TIP41A 3-PIN POWER TRANSISTOR D4807
LOT 3 TPC WIRE 64312 MICRO QUICK ConNECT 3 POLE CAB
IDEC PS5R-D24 Din Rail Mount Power Supply, WITH POWER CORD
Horiba Stec, SEC-F730M A1 MFC, SiH4 Gas, 20 SCCM Range, S 281301
Fastcom Commtech 422, RS-422/RS485 adapter, interface, PCB
SQUARE D 8804-PT00FG4 OMEGAPAK 5HP 460V VARIABLE FR
PM100CSD120 PM100CSD-120
REXNORD 1700 TABLETOP CHAIN 34 IN 2-1/8 IN ConVEYOR BELT D501971
3S FYR-OPTIC S8611 Fiber Optic Controller Used
Stanley A30LATA-15F2 3/8" Pneumatic Angle Nutrunner 1100 RPM
TSUBAKI C2082H DELRIN RIVET A-2 ATTA SINGLE STRAND 10FT ROLLER CHAIN D246506
PAPST EBM 115V COOLING FAN NNB W2E200-HH86-01
PV925 Heller C 23.032282-000 20.002022-6
ALLEN BRADLEY 1336S-BRF15-AE-DE4 2.4KVA 0-460V 1.5HP 3A AC DRIVE D210006
(2)启动操作
STEELMAN M250-480-FPL 3PH 480V-AC 250KVAR OIL FILLED CA
SIEMENS 6SE7090-0XX84-0BD1 090-0XX84-0BD1 SCB2
WESTCODE, THYRISTOR DIODE MODULE, SM18FXC968 9413 *DENT*
W198 Honeywell Fluid Power Valve Ventil V-4055-A Stellantrieb
PBM 1 IN BALL VALVE SEAL KIT REPLACEMENT PART D4241
WHITE 141IN LENGTH 13IN WIDTH ConVEYOR BELT D415735
AMPROBE A-1000 CAT III TRUE RMS CURRENT CLAMP METER D50
LOT 30 MOTION INDUSTRIES 00620971 242 BUNA O-PACK 4-1/4X4X1/8IN D279781
TELEMECANIQUE TSXDEY16D2 (LOT OF 2) INPUT MODULES
MULTIMODE 2 METER THORLABS CABLE M31L02, FC/UPC-FC/UPC
NEW AMAT 0150-00588 CABLE ASSY, SYSTEM AC INTLKS
new AMAT 0020-02314 Bracket 2, 0.25" gasline
BonFIGLIOLI VECTRON ACT 401 - 19 FA ( ACT401-19FA ) 5.5kW 3PH 14.2A 0-1000Hz
PM100CSD120 PM100CSD-120
TELEMECNIQUE MODICON TBX TBXDES1622 TBX7 SOCK 16I 24VDC SCHNEIDER
Thermal Equipment EH2.5-72-1 Heater Element
SICK CLV280 Fixed-Mount Laser Scanner CLV-280A-1020
AVTRON M925 5.0VDC,180mA PULSE GENERATOR/ENCODER
SHEFFER CORP 1-1/2" PNEUMATIC CYLINDER 1 1/2MHC22CR 2117024-1
HT20 Druckschalter Hydac EDS 1700 1791-P-010-016 4 Ausg?nge
3M 78-8005-5350-1 DUST AND TonER FILTER D520605
1.输入现场信号:在系统的控制下,顺序扫描各输入点,读入的输入点的状态.
YOKOGAWA SC400-C-U-1-E EXA SC ConDUCTIVITY MonITOR ANAL
B&R ECPE82-1 PE82 10 BIT MODULE
CUTLER HAMMER ORANGE SELECTOR SWITCH LOT OF 6
HT912 Analoges Eingangsmodul B&R 7AI354.70
PHILLIPS ECG 74LS90 14-PIN INTEGRATED CIRCUIT CHIP D484466
RELIANCE P28G5282F DUTY MASTER 841XL AC 25HP 575V-AC 3550RPM 284TS MOTOR D263107
CARLO GAVAZZI SPD242401 AC/DC CONVERTER
GENERAL ELECTRIC GE 35-202406-36 PCB CIRCUIT BOARD MODULE D522837
LOT 4 DOUGLAS MACHINE N109436 TABLE TOP SPROCKET 1-1/2IN SQUARE BORE D362283
MKS 127AA-00001E, Baratron Pressure Transducer, 1 Torr 416038
AMAT 1270-00196 SW Thermo SPST Open @392F Close @362F A
AMAT 1140-01232 PWRSUP MDX REMOTE MINIPNL W/O INTCON CBL
ATLAS COPCO: 4220 1560 05 ( 4220156005 ) TENSOR 5M 90 DEGREE CABLE
PM100CSD120 PM100CSD-120
STAINLESS 2IN NPT PIPE PLUG FITTING D489854
Industrial Sensors Inc. ISI 0171F-7.5T-4.3/8.0-M518 Transducer LM0-494-W
Sharp JW-13PG Hand-Held Programmer
HARTING HAN 24 DD BU C 09160243101 SIDE ENTRY HOOD NEW IN BAG!!
ABZ 6" 200PSI CAST IRON BUTTERFLY VALVE W/ ACTUATOR SR 200 DA
PV578 Pepperl Fuchs Lichtschranke LD28-F1-3057/35/76a/115b 181899
LOT 7 SEALMASTER TEC-23 BEARING END CAP ASSEMBLY 1-7/16IN D396070
图(c)为按下SB1按钮后的第二个扫描周期。①输入扫描，由于输入状态不变，输入映像区不变。②执行程序过程，**行，X0触点闭合，由于上一个周期中，Y1为ON状态，因此，Y1触点也闭合，Y0也呈导通状态；第二行，Y1还呈导通状态。Y0、Y1的状态均为“1”。③输出刷新过程，两个灯都亮。注意：由于PLC的扫描周期很短，我们用肉眼见到的现象可能是两灯同时亮。如果按钮没有变化，内部继电器、输出设备状态均无变化。
TRELLEBORG 23X10-12 550 MASTERSOLID SUPER-ELASTIC FORKL
PILZ PKB-M PKB-M/30A/220-240VAC 796740 QUANTITY! MINI-COMPACT BRAKE CONTROLLER
BonNEY FORGE CLASS 800 2" STEEL GLOBE VALVE NNB 067646-0142
TU610 Allen Bradley Ethernet Communications Bridge 1756-ENBT A Rev K01
FERRAZ N89482 CC1000 CP RB PROTISTOR 6A AMP 1500V-A
VELAN MODEL A S-2054B-02TY 3/4 IN NPT 800 STEEL WEDGE G
KLOCKNER MOELLER N11-400 400A AMP 660V-AC 3P DISConNECT SWITCH D464160
LOT 3 DAYCO ASSORTED 230XL037 BANDO SYNCHRO-COG LINLOT 3 DAYCO ASSORTED 230XL037 BANDO SYNCHRO-COG link D273375
ALLEN BRADLEY 1746-IB8 SLC 500 SER A INPUT MODULE D5066
Pneumatic Flow Panel 1556-300-002 Soulsey Group Dragon's Tail 500-004 401348
SPI 31-020-1, Correx Gram Gage w/ Round Tip
Burkett 00154680 isolation valve W37ML, 2000 A 40.0 PTFE VA, SA95 Pmed 9bar
GEC ALSTHOM R6TXB PARVEX T7F3C R6TXB150-60
PM100CSD120 PM100CSD-120
PREMIER PNEUMATICS 2616-2 ROTARY VALVE NEOPRENE GASKET 8IN ID D414727
Kobold SMV Series SMV-6223B 1/2" Flowmeter
CINCINNATI MILACRON 3-531-3594A Circuit Board, CINCINNATI MILACRON 3 531 3594A
SULLAIR 02250141-645 8IN INLET REPAIR KIT D501020
NEMATRON PC BOARD 110A0366
M677 IGBT Transistor Modul Toshiba MG400Q1US1 400A 1200V
466024 LOAD CELL MOUNTING HARDWARE KIT D412585
多数情况下，连接RS-485通信链路时只需简单地用一对双绞线将各个接口的“A”、“B”端分别连在一起，而将信号地空悬——这种连接方法在许多场合是能正常工作的，但应注意以下两个问题：
SIEMENS 331-4827 3IN PNEUMATIC 8-13PSI SPRING DAMPER AL
GE FANUC IC693ALG220C INPUT ANALOG
JOSLYN CLARK 500VDC 75A DC DRIVE CONTACTOR, 5DP7-5150-11, NNB
ON287 Schleicher Battenfeld PDVC 4.23.122 423122
LOT 8 60AS ConNECTING link 3/4IN PITCH D361479
RELIANCE F52C1724M ZH DUTY MASTER UNIBRAKE BRAKE 10LB-F
LOT 15 FAIRCHILD F 9301DMQB 16 PIN DIP CHIP D476878
SCHNEIDER 149001-611013 POWER SUPPLY
ALLEN BRADLEY 440K-E33025 GUARDMASTER ELF-3 SAFETY SWITCH SER B D510569
AMAT 0242-11215 Kit, Ergo arm with flat panel and keyboard
AMAT 3200-01183 Cover, Map Dev. Back
AMAT 3870-00899, new pneumatic diaphragm valve.
REXROTH Z2FS 6-2-44/2Q HYDRAULIC CHECK VALVE D51826
PM100CSD120 PM100CSD-120
RED VALVE PMX0017 1IN TYPE A PINCH FLANGED VALVE D501718
Cognex In-Sight 5110 Sensor 800-5870-1 A I S5110-00 Rev B
Parker Compumotor AD Encoder Readout 8851
ALLEN-BRADLEY 1492-IFM40F SER.A QUANTITY! INTERFACE MODULE 40POINT FEED-THROUGH
FISHER ConTROLS 1/2" PRESSURE REGULATOR VALVE 95H
DG614 Siemens Sinumerik 6FX1190-1AF00 E:B
GATES A54 HI-POWER II 56 IN 1/2 IN V-BELT D500659
（2）I／O损坏，程序运行到需要该I／O的反馈信号，不能向下执行指令。
SIEMENS S30807-Q6706-X100-1 64MB RAM MEMORY MODULE D524039
HP 460102-001 ASSY 2U PCI MODULE TBD MOUNTING EXPENSION BRACKET
YASKAWA * 200-23VAC 2.1A YASNAC POWER SUPPLY * CPS-150F W9J61083
ON975 Proportionalverst?rker Mannesmann Rexroth VT-VSPA1-1-11B
MEASUREX 204840 08417-01 COLOR DETECTOR SENSOR ASSEMBLYMEASUREX AD 590 05330900 TEMPERATURE SENSOR REV A PCB C
VIDEOJET 343725-H PCB CIRCUIT BOARD D503982